• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Radiological, thermal and structural protection system for radioactive material storage systems, comprising a radioactive waste container and an auxiliary protection structure arranged around the container; in which the container and the auxiliary structure have side, outer and inner surfaces facing each other, from which they protrude: a hooking means (3, 4) in a vertical direction, by way of a slide, which support the container (1) to the auxiliary structure (2) and that they deform before impacts in perpendicular or oblique direction to said vertical direction, making the absorption of said impacts and forming the auxiliary structure (2) means of protection of the container (1) against overturning and possible lateral impacts. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2737840A1
    申请号:ES201830711
    申请日:2018-07-15
    公开日:2020-01-16
    发明作者:Arenal Jokin Rico；Munoz Francisco Ballester
    申请人:Equipos Nucleares S A S M E；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] Radiation, thermal and structural protection system for radioactive material storage systems
    [0003]
    [0004] Object of the invention.
    [0005]
    [0006] The object of the invention is a system for the storage of radioactive waste comprising a container of radioactive waste and an auxiliary protective structure arranged around the container.
    [0007]
    [0008] Field of application of the invention.
    [0009]
    [0010] This invention is applicable in the sector dedicated to the storage of radioactive waste.
    [0011]
    [0012] State of the art
    [0013]
    [0014] Currently, the containers used for the storage of a canister or capsule containing radioactive waste that have a general cylindrical shape, which rests on the ground at one of its bases, are known.
    [0015]
    [0016] There are two types of containers, mainly: metal and other concrete.
    [0017]
    [0018] The main shield of metal containers, usually forged, is a thick metal wall, approximately 10 to 20 centimeters. This wall, in addition to serving to reduce the dose of radiation leaving the canister, which contains the radioactive elements, serves to structurally protect the canister from impacts, overturns, etc.
    [0019]
    [0020] Metal containers, to shield neutron radiation, usually have additional radiological shields, based on non-metallic bolted materials. These containers usually have dimensions and weights limited by the capacity of loading of cranes at nuclear power plants and the limited availability of space in the fuel pools located in the vicinity of the reactor. Well, unlike concrete containers, these metal containers are introduced into the reactor pool that contains nuclear waste, and load the canister with this waste there, preventing water from leaking radiation in this process.
    [0021]
    [0022] These metal containers are slender, since they have the height of the combustible elements, which usually have a height of 4-5 meters, and the usual diameters of said containers is 2 - 2.5 meters. Their geometric dimensions and their weight are limited due to the dimensions of the nuclear power plant pools and the special characteristics of the cranes that carry out their transfer, this causes the wall forging thicknesses to be limited and, therefore, their capacity of radiation dose shielding. This slenderness of the containers causes them to have stability problems in case of earthquakes or impacts. In the storage system with concrete containers, metal canister transfer containers must also be used, from the reactor pool to the concrete container, function that is normally performed outside the reactor building.
    [0023]
    [0024] These containers are usually deposited in a Temporary Warehouse, forming rows, with the necessary separation to allow the passage and maneuver of suitable vehicles to move the containers. These temporary warehouses are limited spaces, so the cost of using the space is very high.
    [0025]
    [0026] A disadvantage presented by concrete containers is the space they occupy in the temporary warehouse (AT) and the work involved in transferring the canister from the metal container to the concrete container with the risks involved in this transfer.
    [0027]
    [0028] Another disadvantage is the need to build auxiliary structures for the process of handling the transfer containers and, where appropriate, the transport ones, to introduce the canister into them, before or after using the concrete containers. This implies additional investments and environmental permits and authorizations that extend construction deadlines.
    [0029] Therefore, the use of metal containers has the advantage of being used in the two functions: transport and storage of radioactive material.
    [0030]
    [0031] It is known that these containers have between the outer wall of the container and the canister a ventilation system for the evacuation to the outside, by convection, of the heat released by the canister.
    [0032]
    [0033] What the invention seeks is a container protection system against radiation from the canister, which in turn protects against earthquakes, impacts, or other forces that can destabilize the container, endangering the canister that contains the radioactive material .
    [0034]
    [0035] Description of the invention
    [0036]
    [0037] The system for the storage of radioactive waste object of this invention, comprising a container for housing a canister or capsule containing radioactive waste, has the particularity of comprising an auxiliary protective structure arranged around the container, this container being preferably metallic, which is introduced into the pool and into which the radioactive material is loaded; and some means to support the container to the auxiliary structure, in this way the capacity of shielding against radiation is increased, additionally achieving that the auxiliary structure operatively in the face of certain efforts, increasing the stability and resistance to overturning of the assembly, increasing the protection of the container against impacts.
    [0038]
    [0039] According to the invention, the auxiliary structure comprises a perimeter wall that is distanced from the waste container, a gap being defined between the outer surface of the container and the inner surface of the auxiliary structure of the container.
    [0040]
    [0041] This auxiliary structure, in addition to reducing radiation outside, offers protection against external thermal loads and structural shielding against impacts.
    [0042]
    [0043] Therefore, this invention is a mixed system between the option of metal container and concrete container, being preferably the container that is used a Metal container, being able to place it in the temporary warehouse (AT) without the need for another intermediate process, and with the traditional protection of a concrete container, by surrounding the metal container with this auxiliary structure that will preferably be concrete.
    [0044]
    [0045] In an embodiment of the invention, the gap defined between the container and the auxiliary protection structure is provided with openings for the connection of the hollow space with the outside, said openings, together with said hollow, forming a container cooling system by natural convection, favoring heat dissipation.
    [0046]
    [0047] The container and the auxiliary structure have side surfaces, exterior and interior, facing each other, from which they stand out: first and a few second means of hooking, in a vertical direction, as a slide, which support the container to the structure and which they are deformed before impacts in perpendicular or oblique direction to said vertical direction, the absorption of said impacts and the auxiliary structure forming some means of protection of the container against overturning and possible lateral impacts.
    [0048]
    [0049] With these characteristics the system provides a series of advantages:
    [0050]
    [0051] The first hooking means, which protrude from the outer wall of the container, serve as a guide for the vertical assembly and placement of the auxiliary structure around and concentrically to the container, said assembly being carried out in a guided manner during the sliding coupling, in the direction vertical, of the second attachment means of the auxiliary structure with the first attachment means of the container.
    [0052]
    [0053] In the invention, the projections of the containers are used, which allow the container to be grasped, lifted and transported with a crane or similar, as the first means of hooking.
    [0054]
    [0055] In the coupling position of the first and second coupling means, the container and the auxiliary structure operate in solidarity, avoiding the overturning of the container with relatively large forces (earthquake, hurricane winds, projectiles, tornadoes, explosions, burials, etc.) and significantly increasing container protection.
    [0056]
    [0057] In case of overturning the auxiliary structure is the one that hits the ground, absorbing the impact and protecting the container.
    [0058]
    [0059] In case of overturning, the first hooking means of the container and the second hooking means of the auxiliary structure may have different behaviors depending on the dump direction and the stresses to which they are subjected.
    [0060]
    [0061] Specifically, during the tipping, when the container and the auxiliary structure are inclined, remaining supported on the ground by peripheral areas of their bases, the first means of the container hitch slide towards the lower area by the second means of hitching the auxiliary structure, until disconnected from them, minimizing the impact of the dump on the container.
    [0062]
    [0063] Optionally, in case the first hooking means of the container are not disconnected from the second hooking means of the auxiliary structure, the latter will be deformed by absorbing most of the impact, so that the first hooking means of the container and the Container itself will not be virtually affected.
    [0064]
    [0065] Likewise, the second coupling means together with the auxiliary structure itself are responsible for absorbing the possible impacts of projectiles, vehicles or any other external element, such as earthquakes, minimizing their transfer to the container. Thus, in the face of an impact, the second coupling means undergo a deformation by not transmitting the impact force, or transmitting an attenuated impact energy, to the first coupling means found in the container containing the radioactive waste. Therefore, the second coupling means of the auxiliary structure act as a fusible element in cases of impact or overturning with force, since it is mainly said second coupling means responsible for absorbing the energy of impacts or overturning, absorbing the material of the second means of coupling the force of the impact or overturn, not affecting the first means of engagement and, therefore, not affecting the container.
    [0066]
    [0067] These second coupling means, depending on the efforts to which they are subjected, provide a technical effect similar to a spring and a shock absorber.
    [0068]
    [0069] According to the invention, this storage system comprises several pairs of first and second coupling means, distributed perimetrically on the opposite surfaces of the container and the auxiliary structure, and arranged at various heights.
    [0070]
    [0071] Preferably, the first and second attachment means of the container and the auxiliary structure are constituted, respectively, by: stumps provided with an axle and an extreme head, and by some stumps holding a guide oriented substantially vertically. , opened by the upper and lower ends, and of suitable dimensions for the housing of the corresponding stump head, with the possibility of displacement, and coupling and uncoupling, in a substantially vertical direction.
    [0072]
    [0073] According to the invention, the side wall of the auxiliary structure can be composed of a single annular body or several annular modules, of any section and of suitable dimensions for vertical stacking.
    [0074]
    [0075] The annular modules of the auxiliary structure are stacked and joined by means of: tongue and groove, or post-tensioned bolts, or a mixed solution creating a compact assembly.
    [0076]
    [0077] The features of the invention will be more readily understood in view of the exemplary embodiment shown in the accompanying figures described below.
    [0078]
    [0079] Description of the figures.
    [0080]
    [0081] To complement the description that is being made and in order to facilitate the understanding of the features of the invention, it is attached hereto Descriptive report a set of drawings in which, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
    [0082]
    [0083] - Figure 1 shows a schematic elevational view of an embodiment of the system for the storage of radioactive waste according to the invention, in which the auxiliary structure has been sectioned by a vertical plane, including in this figure an enlarged detail of the first and second means of engagement of the container and the auxiliary structure, coupled to each other.
    [0084]
    [0085] - Figure 2 corresponds to a profile view of Figure 1, in which the auxiliary structure has been sectioned by a vertical plane, however maintaining the second coupling means, partially sectioned, to allow its observation; and including the figure an enlarged detail of said engagement means.
    [0086]
    [0087] - Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the first and second coupling means disengaged.
    [0088]
    [0089] - Figure 4 shows a plan view of the first and second coupling means, in coupled position.
    [0090]
    [0091] - Figure 5 shows a view of the system, analogous to that shown in Figure 1 during the overturning of the structure and the container, including an enlarged detail of the first and second coupling means, during the movement and release of the first means of container engagement, with respect to the second attachment means of the auxiliary structure.
    [0092]
    [0093] - Figure 6 shows a detail of the deformation in the axial direction of the first and the second coupling means, produced by a tipping or by a lateral impact and in which said coupling means have remained coupled.
    [0094]
    [0095] - Figure 7 shows a detail of the deformation suffered by the hooking means before a sharp request generated by an impact or overturn in the transverse direction.
    [0096] - Figures 8 and 9 show two plan portions of an embodiment of the system of the invention, sectioned by a horizontal plane, in which the second means of hooking or holding trunnions have been plotted, illustrating the technical spring effect and of shock absorber provided by them, in a resting position and during a lateral impact respectively.
    [0097]
    [0098] - Figures 10 and 11 show two plan views of an example of embodiment of the system of the invention, sectioned by a horizontal plane, in which the second means of hooking or holding trunnions have been plotted, illustrating the technical spring effect and of shock absorber provided by them, during a perpendicular impact and an oblique impact respectively.
    [0099]
    [0100] Preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0101]
    [0102] As can be seen in the example of embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, the system comprises a container (1) inside which a canister, not shown, carrying radioactive waste and, around said container (1) is housed. ), an auxiliary protection structure (2) formed, in this case, by a series of overlapping annular modules (21) and a concrete cover (22).
    [0103]
    [0104] In this embodiment, both the container (1) and the auxiliary structure (2) have general cylindrical shapes and are concentrically arranged, protruding from their facing surfaces, exterior and interior, first and second attachment means (3, 4), complementary.
    [0105]
    [0106] As can be seen more clearly in Figures 3 and 4, the first hooking means (3) of the container (1) are represented by stumps comprising an axis (31) and an extreme head (32), while the Second hooking means (4) of the auxiliary structure (2) are constituted by some stump clamps that have wings (41) of "L" section joined by an intermediate wall (43) and that define a guide (42), oriented in a substantially vertical direction and open at the upper and lower ends.
    [0107]
    [0108] Said guide (42) has dimensions suitable for housing the head (32) of the first hooking means (3) of the container, with possibility of displacement and coupling or decoupling in substantially vertical direction.
    [0109]
    [0110] The first and second coupling means (3, 4) are made of sheet steel and, as mentioned, they can have different behaviors depending on the efforts to which they are subjected, for example, due to external impacts or system dump.
    [0111]
    [0112] As can be seen in figure 5, in case of tipping, as the auxiliary structure (2) is inclined together with the container (1), the heads (32) of the first coupling means (3), or stumps, of the container (1) move smoothly along the guides (42) of the second hooking means (4), or hold stumps, of the auxiliary structure (2), getting free of them and minimizing them the impact received by the container (1) during the overturn.
    [0113]
    [0114] As shown in figure 6, when the first and second coupling means (3, 4) are subjected to a compression effort in axial direction due, for example: to the overturning of the auxiliary structure (2), without said First coupling means (3, 4) are released, or at an external impact against the auxiliary structure (2), the intermediate wall (43) and the wings (41) of the second coupling means (4) are deformed by absorbing most of the impact and avoiding damage to the container (1).
    [0115]
    [0116] As already mentioned, these first and second coupling means (3, 4) can be replaced in case of deformation, without modifying the container (1) or the auxiliary structure (2).
    [0117]
    [0118] As can be seen in Figure 7, in case of lateral impact, the first and second coupling means (3, 4) are subjected to a shear stress, with the second coupling means (4) or clamping means which absorb the impact.
    [0119]
    [0120] In the example shown in Figures 1 and 2, the auxiliary structure (2) is formed by overlapping annular modules (21), the upper and lower annular modules (21) being those linked to the container (1) by the first and second coupling means (3, 4), complementary. It is planned that mentioned annular modules (21) of the auxiliary structure (2) are joined together by tongue and groove, and the assembly by post-tensioning.
    [0121]
    [0122] In the case of lateral force, the second hooking means (4) or trunnion clamps operate as a spring-damping system, where the distance from one side between the stump and trunnion clamp, before a force, is collected on the other, operating as a spring or shock absorber in any direction.
    [0123]
    [0124] In figures 8 and 9 the second coupling means (4) or trunnion clamps are schematically represented, by means of two spring-damper assemblies; graphically illustrating in Figure 8 its behavior, without deformation, in a resting position; and in figure 9 the effects of damping and elastic deformation of the diametrically opposed stump fasteners, before a lateral impact in the longitudinal direction.
    [0125]
    [0126] In the previous figures an impact parallel to the axis of the stumps (3) has been shown; in the event that the impact is perpendicular, as shown in Figure 10, the behavior would be similar with a spring-damper assembly in said perpendicular direction.
    [0127]
    [0128] In the case of impact, it is in the oblique direction, as shown in Figure 11, the impact absorption behavior is an intermediate situation of the previous ones.
    [0129] It is worth mentioning that this spring and damping effect of the stump fasteners will occur, with the corresponding components, in case of impact in the transverse direction, or of impact in an oblique direction.
    [0130]
    [0131] Finally, and as mentioned above, it is worth mentioning that the stumps or first hooking means (3) of the container (1) are used to grip, lift and transport it by crane.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. Radiation, thermal and structural protection system for radioactive material storage systems, comprising a container in which a canister or capsule containing radioactive waste is housed; characterized in that it comprises an auxiliary structure, arranged around the container, and in which the container and the auxiliary structure have side, outer and inner surfaces facing each other, of which protrude: hooking means (3, 4) in vertical direction, by way of a slide, which solidarity the container (1) to the auxiliary structure (2), said auxiliary structure (2) forming a shield against radiation and protection means of the container (1) against overturning and possible lateral impacts.
    [2]
    2. - System, according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling means (4) of the auxiliary structure (2) are calculated to deform against possible impacts, in perpendicular or oblique direction with respect to the vertical direction, realizing the absorption of said impacts
    [3]
    3. - System, according to any of the preceding claims; characterized in that it comprises several pairs of coupling means (3, 4), complementary, distributed in the perimeter of the container (1) and of the auxiliary structure (2), and arranged at various heights.
    [4]
    4. System according to any of the preceding claims; characterized in that the hooking means (3, 4) of the container (1) and of the auxiliary structure (2) comprise: - stumps provided with an axle (31) and an extreme head (32), and - some stump holders having wings (41) of section in "L" joined by an intermediate wall (43) and defining a guide (42), oriented in a substantially vertical direction and open at the upper and lower ends.
    [5]
    5. System according to claim 4, characterized in that the guide (42) has dimensions suitable for housing the head (32) of the corresponding stump, with the possibility of vertical displacement, and coupling and decoupling in a substantially vertical direction.
    [6]
    6. - System, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall of the auxiliary structure (2) comprises a single annular body, or several annular modules (21), of any section and of dimensions suitable for stacking in the direction vertical.
    [7]
    7. System according to claim 6; characterized in that the annular modules (21) of the auxiliary structure (2) are stacked and joined by means of: tongue and groove, or post-tensioned bolts, or a mixed solution, creating a compact assembly.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2737840B2|2021-06-07|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4935943A|1984-08-30|1990-06-19|The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy|Corrosion resistant storage container for radioactive material|
    US4972087A|1988-08-05|1990-11-20|Transnuclear, Inc.|Shipping container for low level radioactive or toxic materials|
    JP2003121585A|2001-10-17|2003-04-23|Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd|Radioactive material storage vessel|
    JP2003172796A|2001-12-06|2003-06-20|Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd|Concrete storage container|
    CN103106938A|2013-01-28|2013-05-15|华北电力大学|Spent fuel shipping container with shock absorption and striking resistant spring device|
    ES2641515T3|2013-05-22|2017-11-10|Tn International|Irradiated fuel storage container comprising cushioned case guide rails|
    法律状态:
    2019-03-21| PC2A| Transfer of patent|Owner name: NUCLENOR, S.A. Effective date: 20190315 |
    2019-04-25| PC2A| Transfer of patent|Owner name: EQUIPOS NUCLEARES, S.A. S.M.E. Effective date: 20190417 |
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201830711A|ES2737840B2|2018-07-15|2018-07-15|RADIOLOGICAL, THERMAL AND STRUCTURAL PROTECTION SYSTEM OF STORAGE SYSTEMS FOR RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS.|ES201830711A| ES2737840B2|2018-07-15|2018-07-15|RADIOLOGICAL, THERMAL AND STRUCTURAL PROTECTION SYSTEM OF STORAGE SYSTEMS FOR RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS.|
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